Effect of creatine supplementation on body composition and performance: a meta-analysis
Branch JD
International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism · 150 citas
Etiquetas de revisión
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Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Metaanálisis (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación no declarada
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2003-06-01 · Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab · vol. 13 · número 2 · págs. 198–226
- Editorial
- Human Kinetics
- Citado
- 307 citas · más que el 88% de estudios similares · 2.5× el promedio de su campo
- Referencias
- 109 trabajos
- Acceso
- De pago
- Áreas de investigación
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition · Sports Performance and Training · Biochemical effects in animals
- Palabras clave
- creatine supplementation, body composition, lean body mass, muscle mass, exercise performance, high-intensity exercise, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, creatine loading, arm exercise, training status, gender differences, placebo effect, exercise intensity and duration, isokinetic exercise, isometric exercise, isotonic exercise
- MeSH
- lower extremity, upper extremity, muscle, skeletal, humans, creatine, exercise, drug administration schedule, task performance and analysis, sports medicine, sex factors, body composition, energy metabolism, oxygen consumption, research design, reference values, physical education and training, sports, dietary supplements, adult, female, male
1 autor
- John David Branch🇺🇸 · autor de correspondenciaOld Dominion University
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background
Creatine supplementation (CS) has been reported to increase body mass and improve performance in high-intensity, short-duration exercise tasks. Research on CS, most of which has come into existence since 1994, has been the focus of several qualitative reviews, but only one meta-analysis, which was conducted with a limited number of studies.
Purpose
This study compared the effects of CS on effect size (ES) for body composition (BC) variables (mass and lean body mass), duration and intensity (150 s, [oxidative phosphorylation = O]) of the exercise task, type of exercise task (single, repetitive, laboratory, field, upper-body, lower-body), CS duration (loading, maintenance), and subject characteristics (gender, training status).
Methods
A search of MEDLINE and SPORTDiscus using the phrase "creatine supplementation" revealed 96 English-language, peer-reviewed papers (100 studies), which included randomized group formation, a placebo control, and human subjects who were blinded to treatments. ES was calculated for each body composition and performance variable.
Results
Small, but significant (ES > 0, p < or = .05) ES were reported for BC (n=163, mean +/- SE=0.17 +/- 0.03), ATP-PCr (n=17, 0.24 +/- 0.02), G (n=135, 0.19 +/- 0.05), and O (n=69, 0.20 +/- 0.07). ES was greater for change in BC following a loading-only CS regimen (0.26 +/- 0.03, p=.0003) compared to a maintenance regimen (0.04 +/- 0.05), for repetitive-bout (0.25 +/- 0.03,p=.028) compared to single-bout (0.18 +/- 0.02) exercise, and for upper-body exercise (0.42 +/- 0.07, p<.0001) compared to lower (0.21 +/- 0.02) and total body (0.13 +/- 0.04) exercise. ES for laboratory-based tasks (e.g., isometric/isotonic/isokinetic exercise, 0.25 +/- 0.02) were greater (p=.014) than those observed for field-based tasks (e.g., running, swimming, 0.14 +/- 0.04). There were no differences in BC or performance ES between males and females or between trained and untrained subjects.
Conclusion
ES was greater for changes in lean body mass following short-term CS, repetitive-bout laboratory-based exercise tasks < or = 30 s (e.g., isometric, isokinetic, and isotonic resistance exercise), and upper-body exercise. CS does not appear to be effective in improving running and swimming performance. There is no evidence in the literature of an effect of gender or training status on ES following CS.
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