Thermal sensation and comfort in women exposed repeatedly to whole-body cryotherapy and winter swimming in ice-cold water
Smolander J, Mikkelsson M, Oksa J, Westerlund T, Leppäluoto J, Huttunen P
Physiology & behavior · 24 citas
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Ensayo controlado aleatorizado (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación independiente
- Gobierno
- European Commission
- Organización sin fines de lucro
- Juho Vainion Säätiö
- Gobierno
- European Social Fund
Según 3 financiadores declarados.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2004-07-30 · Physiol Behav · vol. 82 · número 4 · págs. 691–695
- Editorial
- Elsevier BV
- Citado
- 46 citas · más que el 72% de estudios similares · 0.8× el promedio de su campo
- Referencias
- 18 trabajos
- Acceso
- De pago
- Áreas de investigación
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses · Thermal Regulation in Medicine · Building Energy and Comfort Optimization
- Palabras clave
- whole-body cryotherapy, winter swimming, thermal sensation, thermal comfort, repeated cold exposure, women, cold tolerance, hormonal contraception
- MeSH
- humans, water, body mass index, cryotherapy, temperature, seasons, swimming, time factors, adult, middle aged, female, cold temperature, stress, physiological, thermosensing
6 autores
- Juhani Smolander🇫🇮 · autor de correspondenciaTekonivelsairaala Orton
- Marja Mikkelsson🇫🇮Reumasäätiön sairaala
- Juha Oksa🇫🇮Finnish Institute of Occupational Health
- Tarja Westerlund🇫🇮Reumasäätiön sairaala
- Juhani Leppäluoto🇫🇮University of Oulu
- Pirkko Huttunen🇫🇮University of Oulu
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC; -110 degrees C) and winter swimming (WS) in ice-cold water are severe ambient cold exposures, which are voluntarily practiced by humans in minimal clothing. The purpose was to examine thermal sensation and thermal comfort associated with WBC and WS. Twenty women similar in body mass index, age, physical activity, and use of hormonal contraception were pairwise randomized either to the WBC group or the WS group. The duration of each WBC exposure was 2 min, which was repeated three times per week for 3 months (13 weeks). Similar exposure frequency was used for the WS group, but each exposure lasted 20 s in outdoor conditions. Thermal sensation and comfort were asked with standard scales. After WBC, 65% of the thermal sensation votes were 'neutral' or 'slightly cool.' After WS, 81% of the thermal sensation votes were 'warm,' 'neutral,' or 'slightly cool.' Majority of comfort votes immediately after exposures in WBC group (98%) and in the WS group (93%) were 'comfortable' or 'slightly uncomfortable.' Thermal sensation and comfort became habituated in both groups at an early stage of trials, but the changes were less conclusive in WS group due to variable conditions outdoors. In the WBC group, cold sensation was less intense already after the second exposure. In conclusion, repeated exposures to WBC and WS in healthy women were mostly well tolerated and comfortable. The results indicate that during repeated severe whole-body cold stress of short duration, thermal sensation and comfort become habituated during the first exposures.
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