n-3 Fatty acids from fish or fish-oil supplements, but not alpha-linolenic acid, benefit cardiovascular disease outcomes in primary- and secondary-prevention studies: a systematic review
Wang C, Harris WS, Chung M, Lichtenstein AH, Balk EM, Kupelnick B, Jordan HS, Lau J
The American journal of clinical nutrition · 590 citas
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Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Metaanálisis (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Eventos clínicos como enfermedad o muerte
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación no declarada
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2006-07-01 · Am J Clin Nutr · vol. 84 · número 1 · págs. 5–17
- Editorial
- Elsevier BV
- Citado
- 981 citas · más que el 98% de estudios similares · 7.3× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 101 trabajos
- Acceso
- Lectura gratuita
- Áreas de investigación
- Fatty Acid Research and Health · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Palabras clave
- omega-3 fatty acids, fish oil supplements, fish consumption, alpha-linolenic acid, cardiovascular disease, primary prevention, secondary prevention, all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, stroke, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid
- MeSH
- humans, cardiovascular diseases, fatty acids, omega-3, alpha-linolenic acid, fish oils, treatment outcome, case-control studies, retrospective studies, cohort studies, evidence-based medicine, primary prevention, dietary supplements, seafood, randomized controlled trials as topic
8 autores
- Chenchen Wang🇺🇸Tufts University; Tufts Medical Center; Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging; Saint Luke's Hospital; University of Missouri–Kansas City
- William Stephen Harris🇺🇸Tufts University; Tufts Medical Center; Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging; Saint Luke's Hospital; University of Missouri–Kansas City
- Mei Chun Chung🇺🇸Tufts University; Tufts Medical Center; Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging; Saint Luke's Hospital; University of Missouri–Kansas City
- Alice Hinda Lichtenstein🇺🇸Tufts University; Tufts Medical Center; Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging; Saint Luke's Hospital; University of Missouri–Kansas City
- Ethan M. Balk🇺🇸Tufts University; Tufts Medical Center; Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging; Saint Luke's Hospital; University of Missouri–Kansas City
- Bruce Kupelnick🇺🇸Tufts University; Tufts Medical Center; Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging; Saint Luke's Hospital; University of Missouri–Kansas City
- Harmon S. Jordan🇺🇸Tufts University; Tufts Medical Center; Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging; Saint Luke's Hospital; University of Missouri–Kansas City
- Joseph Lau🇺🇸 · autor de correspondenciaTufts University; Tufts Medical Center; Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging; Saint Luke's Hospital; University of Missouri–Kansas City
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Studies on the relation between dietary n-3 fatty acids (FAs) and cardiovascular disease vary in quality, and the results are inconsistent. A systematic review of the literature on the effects of n-3 FAs (consumed as fish or fish oils rich in eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid or as alpha-linolenic acid) on cardiovascular disease outcomes and adverse events was conducted. Studies from MEDLINE and other sources that were of > or =1 y in duration and that reported estimates of fish or n-3 FA intakes and cardiovascular disease outcomes were included. Secondary prevention was addressed in 14 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of fish-oil supplements or of diets high in n-3 FAs and in 1 prospective cohort study. Most trials reported that fish oil significantly reduced all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, cardiac and sudden death, or stroke. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease was reported in 1 RCT, in 25 prospective cohort studies, and in 7 case-control studies. No significant effect on overall deaths was reported in 3 RCTs that evaluated the effects of fish oil in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Most cohort studies reported that fish consumption was associated with lower rates of all-cause mortality and adverse cardiac outcomes. The effects on stroke were inconsistent. Evidence suggests that increased consumption of n-3 FAs from fish or fish-oil supplements, but not of alpha-linolenic acid, reduces the rates of all-cause mortality, cardiac and sudden death, and possibly stroke. The evidence for the benefits of fish oil is stronger in secondary- than in primary-prevention settings. Adverse effects appear to be minor.
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