Omega-3 dietary supplements and the risk of cardiovascular events: a systematic review
Marik PE, Varon J
Clinical cardiology · 221 citas
Etiquetas de revisión
Financiación no declaradaDatos neutrales que nuestra revisión registró sobre cómo se hizo este estudio. Describen el método, nunca si nos gusta el resultado.
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Metaanálisis (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Eventos clínicos como enfermedad o muerte
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación no declarada
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2009-07-01 · Clin Cardiol · vol. 32 · número 7 · págs. 365–372
- Editorial
- Wiley
- Citado
- 328 citas · más que el 94% de estudios similares · 3.1× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 62 trabajos
- Acceso
- Lectura gratuita
- Áreas de investigación
- Fatty Acid Research and Health · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Palabras clave
- omega-3 fatty acids, fish oil supplementation, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, sudden cardiac death, all-cause mortality, high-risk patients, myocardial infarction, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, hypercholesterolemia, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, cardiovascular disease prevention
- MeSH
- humans, cardiovascular diseases, docosahexaenoic acids, eicosapentaenoic acid, treatment outcome, odds ratio, risk assessment, risk factors, prospective studies, evidence-based medicine, dietary supplements, randomized controlled trials as topic, secondary prevention
2 autores
- Paul Ellis Marik🇺🇸 · autor de correspondenciaThomas Jefferson University
- Joseph Varón🇺🇸The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background
Epidemiologic data suggest that omega-3 fatty acids derived from fish oil reduce cardiovascular disease. The clinical benefit of dietary fish oil supplementation in preventing cardiovascular events in both high and low risk patients is unclear.
Objective
To assess whether dietary supplements of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) decrease cardiovascular events across a spectrum of patients.
Data sources
MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and citation review of relevant primary and review articles.
Study selection
Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials that evaluated clinical cardiovascular end points (cardiovascular death, sudden death, and nonfatal cardiovascular events) and all-cause mortality in patients randomized to EPA/DHA or placebo. We only included studies that used dietary supplements of EPA/DHA which were administered for at least 1 year.
Data extraction
Data were abstracted on study design, study size, type and dose of omega-3 supplement, cardiovascular events, all-cause mortality, and duration of follow-up. Studies were grouped according to the risk of cardiovascular events (high risk and moderate risk). Meta-analytic techniques were used to analyze the data.
Data synthesis
We identified 11 studies that included a total of 39 044 patients. The studies included patients after recent myocardial infarction, those with an implanted cardioverter defibrillator, and patients with heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, and hypercholesterolemia. The average dose of EPA/DHA was 1.8 +/- 1.2 g/day and the mean duration of follow-up was 2.2 +/- 1.2 years. Dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular deaths (odds ratio [OR]: 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79-0.95, p = 0.002), sudden cardiac death (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76-0.99, p = 0.04), all-cause mortality (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.85-0.99, p = 0.02), and nonfatal cardiovascular events (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.85-0.99, p = 0.02). The mortality benefit was largely due to the studies which enrolled high risk patients, while the reduction in nonfatal cardiovascular events was noted in the moderate risk patients (secondary prevention only). Meta-regression failed to demonstrate a relationship between the daily dose of omega-3 fatty acid and clinical outcome.
Conclusions
Dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids should be considered in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events.
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