Prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy in athletes: a systematic-review and meta-analysis
Farrokhyar F, Tabasinejad R, Dao D, Dao D, Peterson D, Ayeni OR, Hadioonzadeh R, Bhandari M
Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 143 citas
Etiquetas de revisión
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Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Metaanálisis (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación no declarada
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2014-10-02 · Sports Med · vol. 45 · número 3 · págs. 365–378
- Editorial
- Springer Science+Business Media
- Citado
- 236 citas · más que el 98% de estudios similares · 7.9× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 63 trabajos
- Acceso
- De pago
- Áreas de investigación
- Vitamin D Research Studies · Nutrition and Health Studies · Physical Activity and Health
- Palabras clave
- vitamin D insufficiency, athletes, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, vitamin D status, prevalence, bone health, sports injuries, seasonal variation, latitude, indoor sports, vitamin D supplementation
- MeSH
- humans, vitamin d deficiency, athletic injuries, vitamin d, prevalence, risk factors, altitude, seasons, sports
7 autores
- Forough Farrokhyar🇨🇦 · autor de correspondenciaMcMaster University
- Rasam Tabasinejad🇨🇦York University
- Dyda Dao🇨🇦McMaster University
- Devin C. Peterson🇨🇦McMaster University
- Olufemi Rolland Ayeni🇨🇦McMaster University
- Reza Hadioonzadeh🇨🇦York University
- Mohit Bhandari🇨🇦McMaster University
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background
Vitamin D is essential for maintaining optimal bone health. The prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy in athletes is currently unclear.
Objective
The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy in athletes.
Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. Multiple databases were searched and studies assessing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status in athletes were identified. Serum 25(OH)D is measured to clinically determine vitamin D status. Reviewers independently selected the eligible articles, assessed the methodological quality, and extracted data. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. Weighted proportions of vitamin D inadequacy [serum 25(OH)D <32 ng/mL] were calculated (DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model) and compared using Chi-squared (χ (2)) test. Subgroup analyses were conducted and risk ratios (RRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were reported.
Results
Twenty-three studies with 2,313 athletes [mean (standard deviation) age 22.5 (5.0) years, 76 % male] were included. Of 2,313 athletes, 56 % (44-67 %) had vitamin D inadequacy that significantly varied by geographical location (p 40°N latitude [RR 1.14 (95 % CI 0.91-1.44)] but it increased significantly [RR 1.85 (1.35-2.53)] after excluding the Middle East as an outlier. Seven studies with 359 athletes reported injuries. The prevalence of injuries in athletes was 43 % (95 % CI 20-68) [bone related = 19 % (95 % CI 7-36); muscle and soft-tissue = 37.5 % (95 % CI 11.5-68.5)].
Conclusion
Despite the limitations of the current evidence, the prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy in athletes is prominent. The risk significantly increases in higher latitudes, in winter and early spring seasons, and for indoor sport activities. Regular investigation of vitamin D status using reliable assays and supplementation is essential to ensure healthy athletes. The prevalence of injuries in athletes is notable but its association with vitamin D status is unclear. A well-designed longitudinal study is needed to answer this possible association.
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