Association between Parkinson's Disease and Cigarette Smoking, Rural Living, Well-Water Consumption, Farming and Pesticide Use: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Breckenridge CB, Berry C, Chang ET, Sielken RL, Mandel JS
PloS one · 153 citas
Etiquetas de revisión
Vínculos de autores con la industriaFinanciado por la industriaDatos neutrales que nuestra revisión registró sobre cómo se hizo este estudio. Describen el método, nunca si nos gusta el resultado.
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Metaanálisis (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Eventos clínicos como enfermedad o muerte
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiado por la industria
- Autores
- Al menos un autor declara un vínculo económico con la industria
Según la declaración de financiación del texto completo.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2016-04-07 · PLoS One · vol. 11 · número 4 · pág. e0151841
- Editorial
- Public Library of Science
- Citado
- 251 citas · más que el 97% de estudios similares · 4.5× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 212 trabajos
- Acceso
- Acceso abierto (revista) · CC-BY
- Áreas de investigación
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments · Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity · Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Palabras clave
- Environmental health, Meta-analysis, Medicine, Relative risk, Agriculture, Confidence interval, Biology, Ecology, Pathology, Internal medicine
- MeSH
- humans, parkinson disease, pesticides, risk factors, smoking, agriculture, rural population, water wells
5 autores
- Charles B. Breckenridge🇺🇸 · autor de correspondenciaSyngenta (United States)
- Colin Berry🇬🇧 · autor de correspondenciaQueen Mary University of London
- Ellen T. Chang🇺🇸 · autor de correspondenciaExponent (United States); Menlo School
- Robert L. Sielken · autor de correspondencia
- Jack S. Mandel🇺🇸 · autor de correspondenciaExponent (United States); Menlo School
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Objective
Bradford Hill's viewpoints were used to conduct a weight-of-the-evidence assessment of the association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and rural living, farming and pesticide use. The results were compared with an assessment based upon meta-analysis. For comparison, we also evaluated the association between PD and cigarette smoking as a "positive control" because a strong inverse association has been described consistently in the literature.
Methods
PubMed was searched systematically to identify all published epidemiological studies that evaluated associations between Parkinson's disease (PD) and cigarette smoking, rural living, well-water consumption, farming and the use of pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, fungicides or paraquat. Studies were categorized into two study quality groups (Tier 1 or Tier 2); data were abstracted and a forest plot of relative risks (RRs) was developed for each risk factor. In addition, when available, RRs were tabulated for more highly exposed individuals compared with the unexposed. Summary RRs for each risk factor were calculated by meta-analysis of Tier 1, Tier 2 and all studies combined, with sensitivity analyses stratified by other study characteristics. Indices of between-study heterogeneity and evidence of reporting bias were assessed. Bradford Hill's viewpoints were used to determine if a causal relationship between PD and each risk factor was supported by the weight of the evidence.
Findings
There was a consistent inverse (negative) association between current cigarette smoking and PD risk. In contrast, associations between PD and rural living, well-water consumption, farming and the use of pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, fungicides or paraquat were less consistent when assessed quantitatively or qualitatively.
Conclusion
The weight of the evidence and meta-analysis support the conclusion that there is a causal relationship between PD risk and cigarette smoking, or some unknown factor correlated with cigarette smoking. There may be risk factors associated with rural living, farming, pesticide use or well-water consumption that are causally related to PD, but the studies to date have not identified such factors. To overcome the limitations of research in this area, future studies will have to better characterize the onset of PD and its relationship to rural living, farming and exposure to pesticides.
Resumen vía Europe PMC. Los derechos de autor siguen siendo de los autores o la editorial (CC BY).
Confianza de la comunidad
Cargando…
¿Cuánto confías en los hallazgos de este estudio?
Comentarios
¿Algo está mal aquí?
Señala este estudio si su información, etiquetas o financiación parecen incorrectas. Un editor revisa cada señalamiento.
Información educativa sobre investigación publicada. No es consejo médico ni una recomendación para empezar o dejar nada.