The Effect of Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on Endurance Exercise Performance in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
McMahon NF, Leveritt MD, Pavey TG
Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 160 citas
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Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Metaanálisis (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
- Consumo medido con
- No se indica
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación no declarada
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2016-09-06 · Sports Med · vol. 47 · número 4 · págs. 735–756
- Editorial
- Springer Science+Business Media
- Citado
- 220 citas · más que el 99% de estudios similares · 8.9× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 80 trabajos
- Acceso
- De pago
- Áreas de investigación
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology · Sports Performance and Training · Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Palabras clave
- nitrate supplementation, beetroot, endurance exercise performance, time to exhaustion, time trial performance, incremental exercise test, nitric oxide, nitrite, vascular function, athletes, healthy adults, moderators, fitness level
- MeSH
- humans, nitrates, exercise, physical endurance, dietary supplements, adult, athletes
3 autores
- Nicholas F. McMahon🇦🇺 · autor de correspondenciaThe University of Queensland
- MICHAEL D. LEVERITT🇦🇺The University of Queensland
- Toby Pavey🇦🇺Queensland University of Technology
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background
Recent research into the use of dietary nitrates and their role in vascular function has led to it becoming progressively more popular amongst athletes attempting to enhance performance.
Objective
The objective of this review was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to evaluate the effect of dietary nitrate (NO3-) supplementation on endurance exercise performance. An additional aim was to determine whether the performance outcomes are affected by potential moderator variables.
Data sources
Relevant databases such as Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Ovid, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for the following search terms 'nitrates OR nitrate OR beetroot OR table beet OR garden beet OR red beet AND exercise AND performance' from inception to October 2015.
Study selection
Studies were included if a placebo versus dietary nitrate-only supplementation protocol was able to be compared, and if a quantifiable measure of exercise performance was ≥30 s (for a single bout of exercise or the combined total for multiple bouts).
Study appraisal and synthesis
The literature search identified 1038 studies, with 47 (76 trials) meeting the inclusion criteria. Data from the 76 trials were extracted for inclusion in the meta-analysis. A fixed-effects meta-analysis was conducted for time trial (TT) (n = 28), time to exhaustion (TTE) (n = 22) and graded-exercise test (GXT) (n = 8) protocols. Univariate meta-regression was used to assess potential moderator variables (exercise type, dose duration, NO3- type, study quality, fitness level and percentage nitrite change).
Results
Pooled analysis identified a trivial but non-significant effect in favour of dietary NO3- supplementation [effect size (ES) = -0.10, 95 % Cl = -0.27 to 0.06, p > 0.05]. TTE trials had a small to moderate statistically significant effect in favour of dietary NO3- supplementation (ES = 0.33, 95 % Cl = 0.15-0.50, p 3- supplementation in GXT performance measures (ES = 0.25, 95 % Cl = -0.06 to 0.56, p > 0.05). No significant heterogeneity was detected in the meta-analysis. No statistically significant effects were observed from the meta-regression analysis.
Conclusion
Dietary NO3- supplementation is likely to elicit a positive outcome when testing endurance exercise capacity, whereas dietary NO3- supplementation is less likely to be effective for time-trial performance. Further work is needed to understand the optimal dosing strategies, which population is most likely to benefit, and under which conditions dietary nitrates are likely to be most effective for performance.
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