A Walnut-Enriched Diet Affects Gut Microbiome in Healthy Caucasian Subjects: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Bamberger C, Rossmeier A, Lechner K, Wu L, Waldmann E, Fischer S, Stark RG, Altenhofer J, Henze K, Parhofer KG
Nutrients · 94 citas
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- Financiación
- Financiado por la industria
- Autores
- Al menos un autor declara un vínculo económico con la industria
Según la declaración de financiación del texto completo.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2018-02-22 · Nutrients · vol. 10 · número 2 · pág. 244
- Editorial
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
- Citado
- 120 citas · más que el 98% de estudios similares · 7.5× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 51 trabajos
- Acceso
- Acceso abierto (revista) · CC-BY
- Áreas de investigación
- Nuts composition and effects · Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact · Bee Products Chemical Analysis
- Palabras clave
- Microbiome, Randomized controlled trial, Gut microbiome, Medicine, Gut flora, Physiology, Internal medicine, Biology, Immunology, Bioinformatics
- MeSH
- gastrointestinal tract, feces, humans, bacteria, juglans, nuts, butyric acid, treatment outcome, ribotyping, diet, prospective studies, cross-over studies, time factors, aged, middle aged, germany, female, male, prebiotics, healthy volunteers, gastrointestinal microbiome, white people
10 autores
- Charlotte Bamberger🇩🇪Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Andreas Rossmeier🇩🇪Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Katharina Lechner🇩🇪Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- WU Li-ya🇩🇪Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Elisa Waldmann🇩🇪Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Sandra Elisabeth Fischer
- Renee G. Stark🇩🇪Helmholtz Munich
- Julia Altenhofer🇩🇪Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Kerstin Henze🇩🇪Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Klaus Georg Parhofer🇩🇪Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Regular walnut consumption is associated with better health. We have previously shown that eight weeks of walnut consumption (43 g/day) significantly improves lipids in healthy subjects. In the same study, gut microbiome was evaluated. We included 194 healthy subjects (134 females, 63 ± 7 years, BMI 25.1 ± 4.0 kg/m²) in a randomized, controlled, prospective, cross-over study. Following a nut-free run-in period, subjects were randomized to two diet phases (eight weeks each); 96 subjects first followed a walnut-enriched diet (43 g/day) and then switched to a nut-free diet, while 98 subjects followed the diets in reverse order. While consuming the walnut-enriched diet, subjects were advised to either reduce fat or carbohydrates or both to account for the additional calories. Fecal samples were collected from 135 subjects at the end of the walnut-diet and the control-diet period for microbiome analyses. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing data was clustered with a 97% similarity into Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs). UniFrac distances were used to determine diversity between groups. Differential abundance was evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test. All analyses were performed using Rhea. Generalized UniFrac distance shows that walnut consumption significantly affects microbiome composition and diversity. Multidimensional scaling (metric and non-metric) indicates dissimilarities of approximately 5% between walnut and control (p = 0.02). The abundance of Ruminococcaceae and Bifidobacteria increased significantly (p Clostridium sp. cluster XIVa species (Blautia; Anaerostipes) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) during walnut consumption. The effect of walnut consumption on the microbiome only marginally depended on whether subjects replaced fat, carbohydrates or both while on walnuts. Daily intake of 43 g walnuts over eight weeks significantly affects the gut microbiome by enhancing probiotic- and butyric acid-producing species in healthy individuals. Further evaluation is required to establish whether these changes are preserved during longer walnut consumption and how these are linked to the observed changes in lipid metabolism.
Resumen vía Europe PMC. Los derechos de autor siguen siendo de los autores o la editorial (CC BY).
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