Walnut Consumption Alters the Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Microbially Derived Secondary Bile Acids, and Health Markers in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Holscher HD, Guetterman HM, Swanson KS, An R, Matthan NR, Lichtenstein AH, Novotny JA, Baer DJ
The Journal of nutrition · 139 citas
Etiquetas de revisión
Alimentación controladaFinanciación no declaradaDatos neutrales que nuestra revisión registró sobre cómo se hizo este estudio. Describen el método, nunca si nos gusta el resultado.
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Ensayo controlado aleatorizado (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
- Consumo medido con
- Comida provista por los investigadores
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación no declarada
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2018-01-26 · J Nutr · vol. 148 · número 6 · págs. 861–867
- Editorial
- Elsevier BV
- Citado
- 185 citas · más que el 99% de estudios similares · 12.2× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 56 trabajos
- Acceso
- Acceso abierto (revista híbrida) · CC-BY-NC
- Áreas de investigación
- Nuts composition and effects · Peanut Plant Research Studies · Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
- Palabras clave
- Deoxycholic acid, Bile acid, Feces, Gut flora, Randomized controlled trial, Medicine, Lithocholic acid, Physiology, Bifidobacterium, Roseburia, Crossover study, Food science, Biology, Internal medicine, Gastroenterology, Lactobacillus, Immunology, Microbiology, Fermentation
- MeSH
- humans, bacteria, juglans, bile acids and salts, diet, cross-over studies, adult, aged, middle aged, female, male, biomarkers, gastrointestinal microbiome
8 autores
- Hannah D. Holscher🇺🇸 · autor de correspondenciaUniversity of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
- Heather M. Guetterman🇺🇸University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
- Kelly Scott Swanson🇺🇸University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
- Ruopeng An🇺🇸University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
- Nirupa Rachel Matthan🇺🇸Tufts University; Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging
- Alice Hinda Lichtenstein🇺🇸Tufts University; Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging
- Janet A. Novotny🇺🇸Agricultural Research Service; Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center
- David J. Baer🇺🇸Agricultural Research Service; Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background
Epidemiologic data suggest that diets rich in nuts have beneficial health effects, including reducing total and cause-specific mortality from cancer and heart disease. Although there is accumulating preclinical evidence that walnuts beneficially affect the gastrointestinal microbiota and gut and metabolic health, these relations have not been investigated in humans.
Objective
We aimed to assess the impact of walnut consumption on the human gastrointestinal microbiota and metabolic markers of health.
Methods
A controlled-feeding, randomized crossover study was undertaken in healthy men and women [n = 18; mean age = 53.1 y; body mass index (kg/m2): 28.8]. Study participants received isocaloric diets containing 0 or 42 g walnuts/d for two 3-wk periods, with a 1-wk washout between diet periods. Fecal and blood samples were collected at baseline and at the end of each period to assess secondary outcomes of the study, including effects of walnut consumption on fecal microbiota and bile acids and metabolic markers of health.
Results
Compared with after the control period, walnut consumption resulted in a 49-160% higher relative abundance of Faecalibacterium, Clostridium, Dialister, and Roseburia and 16-38% lower relative abundances of Ruminococcus, Dorea, Oscillospira, and Bifidobacterium (P < 0.05). Fecal secondary bile acids, deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid, were 25% and 45% lower, respectively, after the walnut treatment compared with the control treatment (P < 0.05). Serum LDL cholesterol and the noncholesterol sterol campesterol concentrations were 7% and 6% lower, respectively, after walnut consumption compared with after the control treatment (P < 0.01).
Conclusion
Walnut consumption affected the composition and function of the human gastrointestinal microbiota, increasing the relative abundances of Firmicutes species in butyrate-producing Clostridium clusters XIVa and IV, including Faecalibacterium and Roseburia, and reducing microbially derived, proinflammatory secondary bile acids and LDL cholesterol. These results suggest that the gastrointestinal microbiota may contribute to the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial health effects of walnut consumption. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01832909.
Resumen vía Europe PMC. Los derechos de autor siguen siendo de los autores o la editorial (CC BY-NC).
Confianza de la comunidad
Cargando…
¿Cuánto confías en los hallazgos de este estudio?
Comentarios
¿Algo está mal aquí?
Señala este estudio si su información, etiquetas o financiación parecen incorrectas. Un editor revisa cada señalamiento.
Información educativa sobre investigación publicada. No es consejo médico ni una recomendación para empezar o dejar nada.