Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids favourably modulate cardiometabolic biomarkers in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials
O'Mahoney LL, Matu J, Price OJ, Birch KM, Ajjan RA, Farrar D, Tapp R, West DJ, Deighton K, Campbell MD
Cardiovascular diabetology · 111 citas
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Metaanálisis (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación independiente
- Universidad u hospital
- Leeds Beckett University
- Gobierno
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- Gobierno
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)
- Subvenciones
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (PDF-2014-07-019)
Según 3 financiadores declarados y la declaración de financiación del texto completo.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2018-07-07 · Cardiovasc Diabetol · vol. 17 · número 1 · pág. 98
- Editorial
- BioMed Central
- Citado
- 156 citas · más que el 95% de estudios similares · 3.4× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 64 trabajos
- Acceso
- Acceso abierto (revista) · CC-BY
- Áreas de investigación
- Fatty Acid Research and Health · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Palabras clave
- omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, type 2 diabetes, dietary supplementation, cardiometabolic biomarkers, lipid profile, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1c, glycemic control, inflammatory markers, TNF-α, blood pressure, duration of supplementation, dosage, dose-response relationship, n-6/n-3 ratio
- MeSH
- humans, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, type 2, blood glucose, lipids, fatty acids, omega-3, inflammation mediators, cytokines, treatment outcome, risk factors, dietary supplements, randomized controlled trials as topic, protective factors, biomarkers, metabolic syndrome, glycated hemoglobin
10 autores
- Lauren L. O’Mahoney🇬🇧Leeds Beckett University
- Jamie Matu🇬🇧University of Leeds; Leeds Beckett University
- Oliver J. Price🇬🇧Leeds Beckett University
- Karen M. Birch🇬🇧University of Leeds
- Ramzi Ajjan🇬🇧University of Leeds
- Diane Farrar🇬🇧Bradford Royal Infirmary; Bradford Institute for Health Research; University of York
- Robyn Jennifer Tapp🇬🇧🇦🇺University of London; The University of Melbourne; St George's, University of London
- Daniel J. West🇬🇧Newcastle University
- Kevin Deighton🇬🇧Leeds Beckett University
- Matthew D. Campbell🇬🇧 · autor de correspondenciaUniversity of Leeds; Leeds Beckett University
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest that supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFAs) may favourably modify cardiometabolic biomarkers in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Previous meta-analyses are limited by insufficient sample sizes and omission of meta-regression techniques, and a large number of RCTs have subsequently been published since the last comprehensive meta-analysis. Updated information regarding the impact of dosage, duration or an interaction between these two factors is therefore warranted. The objective was to comprehensively assess the effect of n-3PUFAs supplementation on cardiometabolic biomarkers including lipid profiles, inflammatory parameters, blood pressure, and indices of glycaemic control, in people with T2DM, and identify whether treatment dosage, duration or an interaction thereof modify these effects.
Methods
Databases including PubMed and MEDLINE were searched until 13th July 2017 for RCTs investigating the effect of n-3PUFAs supplementation on lipid profiles, inflammatory parameters, blood pressure, and indices of glycaemic control. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis and presented as standardised mean difference (Hedges g) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Meta-regression analysis was performed to investigate the effects of duration of supplementation and total dosage of n-3PUFAs as moderator variables where appropriate.
Results
A total of 45 RCTs were identified, involving 2674 people with T2DM. n-3PUFAs supplementation was associated with significant reductions in LDL [ES: - 0.10, (95% CI - 0.17, - 0.03); p = 0.007], VLDL (ES: - 0.26 (- 0.51, - 0.01); p = 0.044], triglycerides (ES: - 0.39 (- 0.55, - 0.24; p ≤ 0.001] and HbA1c (ES: - 0.27 (- 0.48, - 0.06); p = 0.010]. Moreover, n-3PUFAs supplementation was associated with reduction in plasma levels of TNF-α [ES: - 0.59 (- 1.17, - 0.01); p = 0.045] and IL-6 (ES: - 1.67 (- 3.14, - 0.20); p = 0.026]. All other lipid markers, indices of glycaemic control, inflammatory parameters, and blood pressure remained unchanged (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
n-3PUFAs supplementation produces favourable hypolipidemic effects, a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and improvement in glycaemia. Neither duration nor dosage appear to explain the observed heterogeneity in response to n-3PUFAs. Trial registration This trial was registered at http://www.crd.york.ac.uk as CRD42016050802.
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