Mechanisms underlying the cardiometabolic protective effect of walnut consumption in obese people: A cross-over, randomized, double-blind, controlled inpatient physiology study
Tuccinardi D, Farr OM, Upadhyay J, Oussaada SM, Klapa MI, Candela M, Rampelli S, Lehoux S, Lázaro I, Sala-Vila A, Brigidi P, Cummings RD, Mantzoros CS
Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 44 citas
Etiquetas de revisión
Alimentación controladaDatos neutrales que nuestra revisión registró sobre cómo se hizo este estudio. Describen el método, nunca si nos gusta el resultado.
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Ensayo controlado aleatorizado (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
- Consumo medido con
- Comida provista por los investigadores
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación independiente
- Universidad u hospital
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
- Universidad u hospital
- Harvard Catalyst
- Gobierno
- National Institutes of Health
- Gobierno
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences
- Gobierno
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Gobierno
- National Center for Research Resources
- Gobierno
- NIGMS NIH HHS
- Gobierno
- NCRR NIH HHS
- Universidad u hospital
- Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center
- Gobierno
- NIDDK NIH HHS
- Subvenciones
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K24DK081913); Harvard Catalyst (UL1-RR025758); National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P41GM103694); National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR025758); Harvard Catalyst (RR025758); National Institutes of Health (P41 GM103694); National Institutes of Health (DK081913)
Según 10 financiadores declarados.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2019-05-14 · Diabetes Obes Metab · vol. 21 · número 9 · págs. 2086–2095
- Editorial
- Wiley
- Citado
- 57 citas · más que el 95% de estudios similares · 4.9× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 34 trabajos
- Acceso
- Acceso abierto (copia en repositorio)
- Áreas de investigación
- Nuts composition and effects · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Palabras clave
- walnut consumption, obesity, cardiometabolic risk, LDL particle size, HDL particles, insulin resistance, N-glycans, fucose, ceramide, sphingomyelin, hexosylceramide, lipidomics, metabolomics, peptide YY, appetite-regulating hormones, gut microbiota, Faecalibacterium
- MeSH
- humans, juglans, cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance, obesity, peptide yy, lipids, diet, fasting, cross-over studies, double-blind method, eating, postprandial period, middle aged, inpatients, female, male, protective factors
13 autores
- Dario Tuccinardi🇺🇸🇮🇹Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard University; Università Campus Bio-Medico
- Olivia M. Farr🇺🇸Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard University
- Jagriti Upadhyay🇺🇸Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard University
- Sabrina M. Oussaada🇺🇸Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard University
- Maria I. Klapa🇬🇷Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas
- Marco Candela🇮🇹University of Bologna
- Simone Rampelli🇮🇹University of Bologna
- Sylvain D. Lehoux🇺🇸Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard University
- Iolanda Lázaro🇪🇸Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Hospital Clínic de Barcelona; Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer; Universitat de Barcelona
- Aleix Sala‐Vila🇪🇸Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Hospital Clínic de Barcelona; Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer; Universitat de Barcelona
- Patrizia Brigidi🇮🇹University of Bologna
- Richard D. Cummings🇮🇹University of Bologna
- Christos Socrates Mantzoros🇺🇸 · autor de correspondenciaBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard University; VA Boston Healthcare System
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Aims
To assess the effects of walnuts on cardiometabolic outcomes in obese people and to explore the underlying mechanisms using novel methods including metabolomic, lipidomic, glycomic and microbiome analysis, integrated with lipid particle fractionation, appetite-regulating hormones and haemodynamic measurements.
Materials and methods
A total of 10 obese individuals were enrolled in this cross-over, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The participants had two 5-day inpatient stays, during which they consumed a smoothie containing 48 g walnuts or a macronutrient-matched placebo smoothie without nuts, with a 1-month washout period between the two visits.
Results
Walnut consumption improved aspects of the lipid profile; it reduced fasting small and dense LDL particles (P < 0.02) and increased postprandial large HDL particles (P < 0.01). Lipoprotein insulin resistance score, glucose and the insulin area under the curve (AUC) decreased significantly after walnut consumption (P < 0.01, P < 0.02 and P < 0.04, respectively). Consuming walnuts significantly increased 10 N-glycans, with eight of them carrying a fucose core. Lipidomic analysis showed a robust reduction in harmful ceramides, hexosylceramides and sphingomyelins, which have been shown to mediate effects on cardiometabolic risk. The peptide YY AUC significantly increased after walnut consumption (P < 0.03). No major significant changes in haemodynamic or metabolomic analysis or in microbiome host health-promoting bacteria such as Faecalibacterium were found.
Conclusions
These data provide a more comprehensive mechanistic perspective of the effect of dietary walnut consumption on cardiometabolic variables. Lipidomic and lipid nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis showed an early but significant reduction in ceramides and other atherogenic lipids with walnut consumption, which may explain the longer-term benefits of walnuts or other nuts on insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk and mortality.
Resumen vía Europe PMC. Los derechos de autor siguen siendo de los autores o la editorial.
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