Prospective clinical trial examining the impact of genetic variation in FADS1 on the metabolism of linoleic acid- and ɣ-linolenic acid-containing botanical oils
Sergeant S, Hallmark B, Mathias RA, Mustin TL, Ivester P, Bohannon ML, Ruczinski I, Johnstone L, Seeds MC, Chilton FH
The American journal of clinical nutrition · 19 citas
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Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Ensayo controlado aleatorizado (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
- Consumo medido con
- Comida provista por los investigadores
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación independiente
- Gobierno
- National Institutes of Health
- Gobierno
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Gobierno
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
- Gobierno
- NCCIH NIH HHS
- Gobierno
- NCATS NIH HHS
- Subvenciones
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (P50AT002782); National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (R01 AT008621); National Institutes of Health (UL1-TR001420); National Institutes of Health (R01-AT008621); National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR001420)
Según 5 financiadores declarados.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2020-03-06 · Am J Clin Nutr · vol. 111 · número 5 · págs. 1068–1078
- Editorial
- Elsevier BV
- Citado
- 26 citas · más que el 87% de estudios similares · 2.2× el promedio de su campo
- Referencias
- 78 trabajos
- Acceso
- Lectura gratuita
- Áreas de investigación
- Fatty Acid Research and Health · Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease · Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Palabras clave
- FADS1, fatty acid desaturase, genetic variation, borage oil, soybean oil, gamma-linolenic acid, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, omega-6 fatty acids, dietary fatty acid supplementation, serum lipid metabolism, inflammation, C-reactive protein, personalized nutrition
- MeSH
- humans, fatty acid desaturases, lipids, soybean oil, fatty acids, unsaturated, 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid, linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, plant oils, cohort studies, prospective studies, double-blind method, genotype, polymorphism, single nucleotide, adult, aged, middle aged, female, male, young adult, delta-5 fatty acid desaturase, white people
10 autores
- Susan Sergeant🇺🇸Wake Forest University Health Sciences; Wake Forest University
- Brian Hallmark🇺🇸University of Arizona; BIO5 Institute
- Rasika A. Mathias🇺🇸Johns Hopkins University; Wake Forest University Health Sciences; Wake Forest University
- Tammy Mustin🇺🇸Wake Forest University Health Sciences; Wake Forest University
- Priscilla Ivester🇺🇸Wake Forest University Health Sciences; Wake Forest University
- Maggie L Bohannon🇺🇸Wake Forest University Health Sciences; Wake Forest University
- Ingo Ruczinski🇺🇸Johns Hopkins University; Wake Forest University Health Sciences; Wake Forest University
- Laurel M. Johnstone🇺🇸University of Arizona; BIO5 Institute
- Michael C. Seeds🇺🇸Wake Forest University Health Sciences; Wake Forest University
- Floyd H. Chilton🇺🇸 · autor de correspondenciaUniversity of Arizona; BIO5 Institute; Wake Forest University Health Sciences; Wake Forest University
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background
Unexplained heterogeneity in clinical trials has resulted in questions regarding the effectiveness of ɣ-linolenic acid (GLA)-containing botanical oil supplements. This heterogeneity may be explained by genetic variation within the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster that is associated with circulating and tissue concentrations of arachidonic acid (ARA) and dihomo-ɣ-linolenic acid (DGLA), both of which may be synthesized from GLA and result in proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory metabolites, respectively.
Objectives
The objective of this study was to prospectively compare the capacity of a non-Hispanic white cohort, stratified by FADS genotype at the key single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs174537, to metabolize 18-carbon omega-6 (n-6) PUFAs in borage oil (BO) and soybean oil (SO) to GLA, DGLA, and ARA.
Methods
Healthy adults (n = 64) participated in a randomized, double-blind, crossover intervention. Individuals received encapsulated BO (Borago officinalis L.; 37% LA and 23% GLA) or SO [Glycine max (L.) Merr.; 50% LA and 0% GLA] for 4 wk, followed by an 8-wk washout period, before consuming the opposite oil for 4 wk. Serum lipids and markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein) were assessed for both oil types at baseline and during weeks 2 and 4 of the intervention.
Results
SO supplementation failed to alter circulating concentrations of any n-6 long-chain PUFAs. In contrast, a modest daily dose of BO elevated serum concentrations of GLA and DGLA in an rs174537 genotype-dependent manner. In particular, DGLA increased by 57% (95% CI: 0.38, 0.79) in GG genotype individuals, but by 141% (95% CI: 1.03, 2.85) in TT individuals. For ARA, baseline concentrations varied substantially by genotype and increased modestly with BO supplementation, suggesting a key role for FADS variation in the balance of DGLA and ARA.
Conclusions
The results of this study clearly suggest that personalized and population-based approaches considering FADS genetic variation may be necessary to optimize the design of future clinical studies with GLA-containing oils. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02337231.
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