Effects of intermittent fasting and energy-restricted diets on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Meng H, Zhu L, Kord-Varkaneh H, O Santos H, Tinsley GM, Fu P
Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) · 114 citas
Etiquetas de revisión
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Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Metaanálisis (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación no declarada
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2020-03-12 · Nutrition · vol. 77 · pág. 110801
- Editorial
- Elsevier BV
- Citado
- 145 citas · más que el 93% de estudios similares · 3.5× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 84 trabajos
- Acceso
- De pago
- Áreas de investigación
- Dietary Effects on Health · Diet and metabolism studies · Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Palabras clave
- intermittent fasting, hypocaloric diet, lipid profile, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, cholesterol-lowering effect, dietary intervention, negative energy balance, sex differences, intervention duration, weight loss, cardiovascular risk reduction, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, inflammation, oxidative stress, gut microbiota, gut-brain axis
- MeSH
- humans, lipids, triglycerides, fasting, cholesterol, ldl, cholesterol, hdl
6 autores
- Haiyan Meng
- Lei Zhu
- Hamed Kord‐Varkaneh🇮🇷Shahid Beheshti University; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
- Heitor Oliveira Santos🇧🇷Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
- Grant M. Tinsley🇺🇸Texas Tech University
- Peng Fu · autor de correspondencia
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Objectives
To the best of our knowledge, no systematic review and meta-analysis has evaluated the cholesterol-lowering effects of intermittent fasting (IF) and energy-restricted diets (ERD) compared with control groups. The aim of this review and meta-analysis was to summarize the effects of controlled clinical trials examining the influence of IF and ERD on lipid profiles.
Methods
A systematic review of four independent databases (PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar) was performed to identify clinical trials reporting the effects of IF or ERD, relative to non-diet controls, on lipid profiles in humans. A random-effects model, employing the method of DerSimonian and Laird, was used to evaluate effect sizes, and results were expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity between studies was calculated using Higgins I2, with values ≥50% considered to represent high heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were performed to examine the influence of intervention type, baseline lipid concentrations, degree of energy deficit, sex, health status, and intervention duration.
Results
For the outcomes of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triacylglycerols (TG), there were 34, 33, 35, and 33 studies meeting all inclusion criteria, respectively. Overall, results from the random-effects model indicated that IF and ERD interventions resulted significant changes in TC (WMD, -6.93 mg/dL; 95% CI, -10.18 to -3.67; P 2 = 78.2%), LDL-C (WMD, -6.16 mg/dL; 95% CI, -8.42 to -3.90; P ˂ 0.001; I2 = 52%), and TG concentrations (WMD, -6.46 mg/dL; 95% CI, -10.64 to -2.27; P = 0.002; I2 = 61%). HDL-C concentrations did not change significantly after IF or ERD (WMD, 0.50 mg/dL; 95% CI, -0.69 to 1.70; P = 0.411; I2 = 80%). Subgroup analyses indicated potentially differential effects between subgroups for one or more lipid parameters in the majority of analyses.
Conclusions
Relative to a non-diet control, IF and ERD are effective for the improvement of circulating TC, LDL-C, and TG concentrations, but have no meaningful effects on HDL-C concentration. These effects are influenced by several factors that may inform clinical practice and future research. The present results suggest that these dietary practices are a means of enhancing the lipid profile in humans.
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