The Effects of Regular Cold-Water Immersion Use on Training-Induced Changes in Strength and Endurance Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Malta ES, Dutra YM, Broatch JR, Bishop DJ, Zagatto AM
Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 38 citas
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Metaanálisis (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación independiente
- Gobierno
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Gobierno
- FAPESP
- Subvenciones
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (17/21724-8)
Según 2 financiadores declarados.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2020-11-04 · Sports Med · vol. 51 · número 1 · págs. 161–174
- Editorial
- Springer Science+Business Media
- Citado
- 59 citas · más que el 80% de estudios similares · 1.5× el promedio de su campo
- Referencias
- 71 trabajos
- Acceso
- De pago
- Áreas de investigación
- Sports Performance and Training · Exercise and Physiological Responses · Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Palabras clave
- cold water immersion, recovery methods, resistance training, strength, endurance training, aerobic performance, strength endurance, one-repetition maximum, time trial performance, exercise adaptation, ballistic performance, maximal aerobic capacity
- MeSH
- humans, water, exercise, immersion, adaptation, physiological, cold temperature, resistance training
5 autores
- Elvis de Souza Malta🇧🇷Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
- Yago Medeiros Dutra🇧🇷Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
- James R. Broatch🇦🇺Victoria University
- David John Bishop🇦🇺Victoria University
- Alessandro Moura Zagatto🇧🇷 · autor de correspondenciaUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background
Cold-water immersion (CWI) is one of the main recovery methods used in sports, and is commonly utilized as a means to expedite the recovery of performance during periods of exercise training. In recent decades, there have been indications that regular CWI use is potentially harmful to resistance training adaptations, and, conversely, potentially beneficial to endurance training adaptations. The current meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of the regular CWI use during exercise training on resistance (i.e., strength) and endurance (i.e., aerobic exercise) performance alterations.
Methods
A computerized literature search was conducted, ending on November 25, 2019. The databases searched were MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and SPORTDiscus. The selected studies investigated the effects of chronic CWI interventions associated with resistance and endurance training sessions on exercise performance improvements. The criteria for inclusion of studies were: (1) being a controlled investigation; (2) conducted with humans; (3) CWI performed at ≤ 15 °C; (4) being associated with a regular training program; and (5) having performed baseline and post-training assessments.
Results
Eight articles were included before the review process. A harmful effect of CWI associated with resistance training was verified for one-repetition maximum, maximum isometric strength, and strength endurance performance (overall standardized mean difference [SMD] = - 0.60; Confidence interval of 95% [CI95%] = - 0.87, - 0.33; p < 0.0001), as well as for Ballistic efforts performance (overall SMD = - 0.61; CI95% = - 1.11, - 0.11; p = 0.02). On the other hand, selected studies verified no effect of CWI associated with endurance training on time-trial (mean power), maximal aerobic power in graded exercise test performance (overall SMD = - 0.07; CI95% = - 0.54, 0.53; p = 0.71), or time-trial performance (duration) (overall SMD = 0.00; CI95% = - 0.58, 0.58; p = 1.00).
Conclusions
The regular use of CWI associated with exercise programs has a deleterious effect on resistance training adaptations but does not appear to affect aerobic exercise performance.
Trial registration
PROSPERO CRD42018098898.
Resumen vía Europe PMC. Los derechos de autor siguen siendo de los autores o la editorial.
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