The effects of foods on LDL cholesterol levels: A systematic review of the accumulated evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials
Schoeneck M, Iggman D
Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 101 citas
Etiquetas de revisión
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Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Metaanálisis (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
- Consumo medido con
- No se indica
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación no declarada
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2021-01-18 · Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · vol. 31 · número 5 · págs. 1325–1338
- Editorial
- Elsevier BV
- Citado
- 160 citas · más que el 99% de estudios similares · 7.4× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 48 trabajos
- Acceso
- Acceso abierto (revista híbrida) · CC-BY
- Áreas de investigación
- Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health · Nutritional Studies and Diet · Nuts composition and effects
- Palabras clave
- LDL cholesterol, dietary cholesterol, hypercholesterolemia, dietary intervention, unsaturated fatty acids, rapeseed oil, canola oil, soluble dietary fiber, oat, barley, psyllium, soy protein, tomato, flaxseed, almond, avocado, turmeric, pulses, hazelnut, Juglans regia, whole grains, green tea, sugar, dietary guidelines
- MeSH
- humans, hypercholesterolemia, treatment outcome, diet, risk assessment, risk factors, risk reduction behavior, down-regulation, nutritive value, adult, middle aged, female, male, cholesterol, ldl, randomized controlled trials as topic, young adult, biomarkers, diet, healthy
2 autores
- Malin Schoeneck
- David Iggman🇸🇪 · autor de correspondenciaUppsala University; Center for Clinical Research Dalarna
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Aims
To systematically evaluate the evidence regarding the effects of foods on LDL cholesterol levels and to compare the findings with current guidelines.
Data synthesis
From inception through June 2019, we searched PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for guidelines, systematic reviews, and RCTs (for coffee intake only) of at least 13 days duration. Additionally, we searched Trip database for guidelines from 2009 through Oct 2019. Language was restricted to English. The strength of evidence was evaluated using The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). A total of 37 guidelines, 108 systematic reviews, and 20 RCTs were included. With high evidence, foods high in unsaturated and low in saturated and trans fatty acids (e.g. rapeseed/canola oil), with added plant sterols/stanols, and high in soluble fiber (e.g. oats, barley, and psyllium) caused at least moderate (i.e. 0.20-0.40 mmol/L) reductions in LDL cholesterol. Unfiltered coffee caused a moderate to large increase. Soy protein, tomatoes, flaxseeds, and almonds caused small reductions. With moderate evidence, avocados and turmeric caused moderate to large reductions. Pulses, hazelnuts, walnuts, high-fiber/wholegrain foods, and green tea caused small to moderate reductions, whereas sugar caused a small increase. Other identified foods were either neutral or had low or very low evidence regarding their effects.
Conclusions
Several foods distinctly modify LDL cholesterol levels. The results may aid future guidelines and dietary advice for hypercholesterolemia.
Resumen vía Europe PMC. Los derechos de autor siguen siendo de los autores o la editorial (CC BY).
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