Plasma TMAO increase after healthy diets: results from 2 randomized controlled trials with dietary fish, polyphenols, and whole-grain cereals
Costabile G, Vetrani C, Bozzetto L, Giacco R, Bresciani L, Del Rio D, Vitale M, Della Pepa G, Brighenti F, Riccardi G, Rivellese AA, Annuzzi G
The American journal of clinical nutrition · 49 citas
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Ensayo controlado aleatorizado (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
- Consumo medido con
- No se indica
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación independiente
- Gobierno
- European Commission
- Gobierno
- Seventh Framework Programme
- Gobierno
- Sixth Framework Programme
- Gobierno
- FP7 Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, Biotechnology
- Gobierno
- European Commission Sixth Framework Programme
- Gobierno
- Ministero Istruzione Università e Ricerca
- Subvenciones
- European Commission (FOOD-CT-2005-514008); European Commission (FOOD-CT-2005); European Commission (222639); Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2009-2012); Sixth Framework Programme (FOOD-CT-2005-514008); Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-KBBE-222639)
Según 6 financiadores declarados.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2021-05-14 · Am J Clin Nutr · vol. 114 · número 4 · págs. 1342–1350
- Editorial
- Elsevier BV
- Citado
- 66 citas · más que el 98% de estudios similares · 7.2× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 52 trabajos
- Acceso
- Lectura gratuita
- Áreas de investigación
- Nutritional Studies and Diet · Fatty Acid Research and Health · Gut microbiota and health
- Palabras clave
- trimethylamine N-oxide, dietary fish, n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, polyphenols, whole grain cereals, cardiometabolic risk, dietary intervention, EPA, protein intake, healthy eating, dietary biomarkers, refined grains, dietary fat intake, dietary fiber
- MeSH
- animals, fishes, humans, methylamines, fatty acids, omega-3, meat, adult, middle aged, female, male, polyphenols, biomarkers, whole grains, diet, healthy
12 autores
- Giuseppina Costabile🇮🇹University of Naples Federico II
- Claudia Vetrani🇮🇹University of Naples Federico II
- Lutgarda Bozzetto🇮🇹University of Naples Federico II
- Rosalba Giacco🇮🇹Institute of Food Science; National Research Council
- Letizia Bresciani🇮🇹University of Parma
- Daniele Del Rio🇮🇹University of Parma
- Marilena Vitale🇮🇹University of Naples Federico II
- Giuseppe Della Pepa🇮🇹University of Naples Federico II
- Furio Brighenti🇮🇹University of Parma
- Gabriele Riccardi🇮🇹University of Naples Federico II
- Angela Albarosa Rivellese🇮🇹University of Naples Federico II
- Giovanni Annuzzi🇮🇹 · autor de correspondenciaUniversity of Naples Federico II
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background
Plasma trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has drawn much attention as a marker of several chronic diseases. Data on the relation between diet and TMAO are discordant and few human intervention studies have assessed causality for this association.
Objectives
We aimed to evaluate the effects on plasma TMAO of diets based on foods rich in polyphenols (PP) and/or long-chain n-3 fatty acids (LCn3) or whole-grain cereals (WGCs), in individuals at high cardiometabolic risk.
Methods
An ancillary study was performed within 2 randomized controlled trials, aimed at evaluating the medium-term effects on cardiometabolic risk factors of diets naturally rich in PP and/or LCn3 (Etherpaths Project) or WGCs (HealthGrain Project).
Results
In the Etherpaths study (n = 78), the changes in TMAO (8-wk minus baseline) were statistically significant for the diets rich in LCn3 (+1.15 ± 11.58 μmol/L) (P = 0.007), whereas they were not for the diets rich in PP (-0.14 ± 9.66 μmol/L) (P = 0.905) or their interaction (P = 0.655) (2-factor ANOVA). In the HealthGrain Study (n = 48), the TMAO change (12-wk minus baseline) in the WGC group (+0.94 ± 3.58 μmol/L) was significantly different from that in the Refined Cereal group (-1.29 ± 3.09 μmol/L) (P = 0.037). Considering the pooled baseline data of the participants in the 2 studies, TMAO concentrations directly correlated with LCn3, EPA (20:5n-3), and protein intake, but not SFAs, fiber, MUFAs, and PP intake. Among food groups, TMAO directly correlated with the intake of fish, vegetables, and whole-grain products, but not meat, processed meat, and dairy products.
Conclusions
Diets rich in LCn3 of marine origin or WGCs significantly increased plasma TMAO concentration. These changes mirrored the direct associations between TMAO concentrations and intakes of fish and WGCs, suggesting that TMAO reflects intakes of these healthy foods and, therefore, it is not a universally valid biomarker of cardiometabolic risk independent of the background diet.These trials were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01154478 and NCT00945854.
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