The effect of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on muscle mass and function in sarcopenia: A scoping systematic review and meta-analysis
Bird JK, Troesch B, Warnke I, Calder PC
Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 85 citas
Etiquetas de revisión
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Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Metaanálisis (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación no declarada
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2021-10-22 · Clin Nutr ESPEN · vol. 46 · págs. 73–86
- Editorial
- Elsevier BV
- Citado
- 107 citas · más que el 93% de estudios similares · 2.9× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 131 trabajos
- Acceso
- Acceso abierto (revista híbrida) · CC-BY-NC-ND
- Áreas de investigación
- Nutrition and Health in Aging · Fatty Acid Research and Health · Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Palabras clave
- sarcopenia, n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, fatty acid supplementation, muscle mass, muscle strength, lean body mass, grip strength, mid-arm muscle circumference, sarcopenia prevention, anti-inflammatory activity
- MeSH
- muscle, skeletal, humans, fatty acids, omega-3, hand strength, quality of life, united states, sarcopenia
4 autores
- Julia K. Bird · autor de correspondencia
- Barbara Troesch🇨🇭 · autor de correspondenciaDSM (Switzerland)
- Ines Warnke🇨🇭 · autor de correspondenciaDSM (Switzerland)
- Philip C. Calder🇬🇧 · autor de correspondenciaUniversity Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre; University of Southampton
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background & aims
Sarcopenia is characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, which reduces mobility and quality of life. Risk factors for sarcopenia include advanced age, physical inactivity, obesity, and chronic diseases such as cancer or rheumatoid arthritis. Omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC PUFAs) might be associated with a reduction in risk of sarcopenia due to their anti-inflammatory effects.
Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the effects of omega-3 LC PUFAs on muscle mass, volume and function parameters. The National Library of Medicine's MEDLINE/PubMed database was searched on 9th October 2020 for randomized controlled trials that used omega-3 LC PUFAs as an intervention with muscle-related endpoints. A snowballing search to identify additional studies was completed on 23rd April 2021. The meta-analysis was conducted using meta-essentials worksheet 3. Bias was assessed using the Jadad scale.
Results
123 studies were identified with the systematic searches. Most studies were performed in disease populations, such as cancer or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or in healthy individuals after a fatiguing exercise bout. The endpoints lean body mass, skeletal muscle mass, mid-arm muscle circumference, handgrip strength, quadriceps maximal voluntary capacity (MVC), and 1-repetition maximum chest press were selected for meta-analysis based on the number of available studies; thus 66 studies were included in the quantitative synthesis. Using a random effects model and 2-tailed p-value, there was a significant relationship in favor of omega-3 LC PUFA supplementation for lean body mass (effect size 0.27, 95%CI 0.04 to 0.51), skeletal muscle mass (effect size 0.31, 95%CI 0.01 to 0.60) and quadriceps MVC (effect size 0.47, 95%CI 0.02 to 0.93).
Conclusion
The results indicate that there is a positive effect of omega-3 LC PUFA supplementation on overall body muscle mass and strength. Small study size and heterogeneity limit the applicability of these findings for sarcopenia prevention. Larger trials in populations at risk of sarcopenia would strengthen the evidence base.
Resumen vía Europe PMC. Los derechos de autor siguen siendo de los autores o la editorial (CC BY-NC-ND).
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