Effects of very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets on lipid profiles in normal-weight (body mass index < 25 kg/m2) adults: a meta-analysis
Joo M, Moon S, Lee YS, Kim MG
Nutrition reviews · 33 citas
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Metaanálisis (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
- Consumo medido con
- No se indica
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación independiente
- Gobierno
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Gobierno
- Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
- Gobierno
- Ministry of Science and ICT
- Subvenciones
- Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea (NRF-2021R1C1C1013177)
Según 3 financiadores declarados.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2023-03-17 · Nutr Rev · vol. 81 · número 11 · págs. 1393–1401
- Editorial
- Oxford University Press
- Citado
- 44 citas · más que el 89% de estudios similares · 2.2× el promedio de su campo
- Referencias
- 44 trabajos
- Acceso
- De pago
- Áreas de investigación
- Diet and metabolism studies · Dietary Effects on Health · Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Palabras clave
- ketogenic diet, very low carbohydrate diet, lipid profile, dyslipidemia, normal-weight individuals, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein(a), apolipoprotein B, weight loss, dietary intervention, cardiovascular risk factors
- MeSH
- humans, carbohydrates, triglycerides, apolipoproteins a, apolipoproteins b, body mass index, adult, diet, carbohydrate-restricted, cholesterol, ldl, cholesterol, hdl, diet, ketogenic
4 autores
- Minjin Joo🇰🇷Ewha Womans University
- Sumin Moon🇰🇷Ewha Womans University
- Young Seo Lee🇰🇷Ewha Womans University
- Myeong Gyu Kim🇰🇷 · autor de correspondenciaEwha Womans University
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Context
Very low-carbohydrate diets or ketogenic diets (KDs) have garnered attention for weight loss in patients with overweight or obesity as well as for normal-weight adults, yet the adverse effects of KDs, such as dyslipidemia in normal-weight adults, have not been studied extensively.
Objective
This meta-analysis aimed to identify the effects of KDs on the lipid profile in normal-weight (body mass index [BMI] < 25 kg/m2) adults from randomized controlled trials.
Data sources
PubMed and Embase databases were searched on November 21, 2021, using search terms representing KDs and lipid profiles. Two researchers independently screened articles according to PICOS inclusion criteria.
Data extraction
General study information, dietary data, and lipid profiles were extracted from eligible studies. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias 2 tool.
Data analysis
Fixed- or random-effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate the effects of KDs on total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, apolipoprotein A (apoA), and apolipoprotein B (apoB), considering heterogeneity across studies. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach.
Results
Three studies were selected for meta-analysis. A KD significantly increased TC by 1.47 mmol/L (95%CI, 0.72-2.22 mmol/L), LDL-C by 1.08 mmol/L (95%CI, 0.37-1.79 mmol/L), and apoB by 0.35 g/L (95%CI, 0.06-0.65 g/L). In addition, a KD significantly increased HDL-C by 0.35 mmol/L (95%CI, 0.27-0.42 mmol/L) and apoA by 0.34 g/L (95%CI, 0.28-0.41 g/L) compared with control diets. Triglyceride levels were not significantly different between KDs and control diets (P = 0.63).
Conclusion
This study suggests unfavorable effects of KDs on TC and LDL-C in normal-weight adults. Although an increase in HDL-C can compensate for unfavorable changes in lipids, normal-weight individuals should consider the risk of hypercholesterolemia when consuming a KD. Results for triglycerides were inconsistent.
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