The effects of creatine supplementation on cognitive performance-a randomised controlled study
Sandkühler JF, Kersting X, Faust A, Königs EK, Altman G, Ettinger U, Lux S, Philipsen A, Müller H, Brauner J
BMC medicine · 16 citas
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Ensayo controlado aleatorizado (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación independiente
- Organización sin fines de lucro
- Cancer Research UK
- Universidad u hospital
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
- Gobierno
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
- Organización sin fines de lucro
- Effective Altruism Foundation
- Organización sin fines de lucro
- Effective Ventures Foundation
- Sin clasificar
- Paul Christiano
- Subvenciones
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (2242671); Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (2242671); Cancer Research UK (S_4017)
Según 6 financiadores declarados y la declaración de financiación del texto completo.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2023-11-15 · BMC Med · vol. 21 · número 1 · pág. 440
- Editorial
- BioMed Central
- Citado
- 26 citas · más que el 94% de estudios similares · 3.3× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 73 trabajos
- Acceso
- Acceso abierto (revista) · CC-BY
- Áreas de investigación
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition · Cardiovascular and exercise physiology · Genetics and Physical Performance
- Palabras clave
- Creatine, Medicine, Placebo, Creatine Monohydrate, Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance, Cognition, Phosphocreatine, Creatine kinase, Randomized controlled trial, Internal medicine, Physical therapy, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Endocrinology, Psychiatry, Energy metabolism, Pathology
- MeSH
- brain, humans, creatine, bayes theorem, double-blind method, cognition, dietary supplements
10 autores
- Julia Fabienne Sandkühler🇩🇪University of Bonn; University Hospital Bonn
- Xenia A. K. Kersting🇩🇪Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; University Hospital Bonn; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
- Annika Faust🇩🇪University Hospital Bonn
- Eva Kathrin Königs🇩🇪University Hospital Bonn
- George T. Altman🇬🇧Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust
- Ulrich Ettinger🇩🇪University of Bonn
- Silke Lux🇩🇪University Hospital Bonn
- Alexandra Philipsen🇩🇪University Hospital Bonn
- Helge Müller🇩🇪Witten/Herdecke University; University Hospital Bonn
- Jan Brauner🇩🇪🇬🇧Witten/Herdecke University; University of Oxford
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background
Creatine is an organic compound that facilitates the recycling of energy-providing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in muscle and brain tissue. It is a safe, well-studied supplement for strength training. Previous studies have shown that supplementation increases brain creatine levels, which might increase cognitive performance. The results of studies that have tested cognitive performance differ greatly, possibly due to different populations, supplementation regimens, and cognitive tasks. This is the largest study on the effect of creatine supplementation on cognitive performance to date.
Methods
Our trial was preregistered, cross-over, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and randomised, with daily supplementation of 5 g for 6 weeks each. We tested participants on Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (RAPM) and on the Backward Digit Span (BDS). In addition, we included eight exploratory cognitive tests. About half of our 123 participants were vegetarians and half were omnivores.
Results
Bayesian evidence supported a small beneficial effect of creatine. The creatine effect bordered significance for BDS (p = 0.064, η2P = 0.029) but not RAPM (p = 0.327, η2P = 0.008). There was no indication that creatine improved the performance of our exploratory cognitive tasks. Side effects were reported significantly more often for creatine than for placebo supplementation (p = 0.002, RR = 4.25). Vegetarians did not benefit more from creatine than omnivores.
Conclusions
Our study, in combination with the literature, implies that creatine might have a small beneficial effect. Larger studies are needed to confirm or rule out this effect. Given the safety and broad availability of creatine, this is well worth investigating; a small effect could have large benefits when scaled over time and over many people.
Trial registration
The trial was prospectively registered (drks.de identifier: DRKS00017250, https://osf.io/xpwkc/ ).
Resumen vía Europe PMC. Los derechos de autor siguen siendo de los autores o la editorial (CC BY).
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