Outcomes in Randomized Clinical Trials Testing Changes in Daily Water Intake: A Systematic Review
Hakam N, Guzman Fuentes JL, Nabavizadeh B, Sudhakar A, Li KD, Nicholas C, Lui J, Tahir P, Jones CP, Bent S, Breyer BN
JAMA network open · 10 citas
Etiquetas de revisión
Financiación no declaradaDatos neutrales que nuestra revisión registró sobre cómo se hizo este estudio. Describen el método, nunca si nos gusta el resultado.
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Revisión sistemática (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Eventos clínicos como enfermedad o muerte
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación no declarada
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2024-11-25 · JAMA Netw Open · vol. 7 · número 11 · pág. e2447621
- Editorial
- American Medical Association
- Citado
- 18 citas · más que el 95% de estudios similares · 4.1× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 45 trabajos
- Acceso
- Acceso abierto (revista) · CC-BY
- Áreas de investigación
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses · Sodium Intake and Health · Magnesium in Health and Disease
- Palabras clave
- Medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Psychological intervention, Weight loss, Systematic review, Clinical trial, Crossover study, Diabetes mellitus, Urinary system, Meta-analysis, MEDLINE, Internal medicine, Obesity, Alternative medicine, Placebo, Pathology
- MeSH
- humans, urinary tract infections, weight loss, blood glucose, drinking, adult, middle aged, female, male, randomized controlled trials as topic
11 autores
- Nizar Hakam🇺🇸University of California, San Francisco
- Jose Luis Guzman Fuentes🇺🇸University of California, San Francisco
- Behnam Nabavizadeh🇺🇸Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine
- Architha Sudhakar🇺🇸University of California, San Francisco
- Kevin Danis Li🇺🇸University of California, San Francisco
- Catherine Nicholas🇺🇸University of California, San Francisco
- Jason L. Lui🇺🇸University of California, San Francisco
- Peggy Tahir🇺🇸University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco Public Library
- Charles P. Jones🇺🇸University of California, San Francisco
- Stephen Bent🇺🇸University of California, San Francisco
- Benjamin N. Breyer🇺🇸 · autor de correspondenciaUniversity of California, San Francisco
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Importance
Several public recommendations exist regarding the amount of daily water intake, yet the supporting evidence is not clear, and benefits of increasing water consumption are not well-established.
Objective
To summarize evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) pertaining to the health-related outcomes associated with increased or decreased daily water consumption.
Evidence review
A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase was performed up to April 6, 2023. Studies were included if they aimed to assess the impact of daily water consumption by any defined amount on any health-related outcome.
Findings
Of 1464 records screened, 18 (1%) eligible studies were included in the review. Among eligible studies, 15 (83%) were parallel group RCTs, and 3 (16%) were crossover studies. Interventions in these studies consisted of a recommendation to alter the daily amount of water intake by a specific amount for a predefined period ranging between 4 days and 5 years, while the control groups were mostly asked to maintain their usual intake habits. The studies assessed various populations. Recurring primary end points included weight loss, fasting blood glucose level, headache, urinary tract infection, and nephrolithiasis. Consuming additional water was associated with greater weight loss (range, 44%-100% more than control conditions) and fewer nephrolithiasis events (15 fewer events per 100 participants over 5 years). Single studies suggested benefits related to migraine prevention, urinary tract infection, diabetes control, and hypotension. Ten studies (55%) reported at least 1 positive result, and 8 studies (44%) reported negative results.
Conclusions and relevance
This systematic review found that there is a limited number of clinical trials in the literature assessing the benefits of increasing water intake related to a large variety of health outcomes. While the quality and quantity of evidence is limited, a small number of studies suggested benefits of water intake on weight loss and nephrolithiasis, while single studies raised the possibility of benefits for patients with migraine, urinary tract infection, diabetes, and hypotension. Given the low cost and low adverse-effect profile of water, further well-designed studies should assess benefits in these specific conditions.
Resumen vía Europe PMC. Los derechos de autor siguen siendo de los autores o la editorial (CC BY).
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