The Impact of Ultra-Processed Food Consumption on Frailty and Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review
Kanbay M, Abdel-Rahman SM, Guldan M, Ozbek L, Covic A, Mallamaci F, Zoccali C
Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 10 citas
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Revisión sistemática (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
- Consumo medido con
- No se indica
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación independiente
- Sin clasificar
- The authors received no specific funding for this work.
Según 1 financiador declarado.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2025-07-28 · J Hum Nutr Diet · vol. 38 · número 4 · pág. e70096
- Editorial
- Wiley
- Citado
- 12 citas · más que el 88% de estudios similares · 2.3× el promedio de su campo
- Referencias
- 98 trabajos
- Acceso
- De pago
- Áreas de investigación
- Nutrition and Health in Aging · Frailty in Older Adults · Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
- Palabras clave
- ultra-processed foods, frailty, sarcopenia, older adults, grip strength, walking speed, muscle mass, systemic inflammation, multimorbidity, cardiometabolic disease, obesity, dietary intake, frailty prevention
- MeSH
- humans, inflammation, hand strength, diet, food handling, aged, aged, 80 and over, frail elderly, female, male, muscle strength, sarcopenia, fast foods, frailty, food, processed
7 autores
- Mehmet Kanbay🇹🇷 · autor de correspondenciaKoç University
- Sama Mahmoud Abdel‐Rahman🇹🇷Koç University
- Mustafa Güldan🇹🇷Koç University
- Laşin Özbek🇹🇷Koç University
- Adrian Covic🇷🇴Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy
- Francesca Mallamaci
- Carmine Zoccali🇮🇹🇺🇸Biogem; Renal Research Institute
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background and aim
Ultra-processed foods (UPFs), foods with high levels of artificial additives and preservatives, often low in protein and essential nutrients despite being calorie-dense, have been associated with a range of adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular and kidney diseases, obesity, Type 2 diabetes, and frailty. Despite growing evidence on the adverse effects of UPFs, no systematic review has comprehensively assessed their association with frailty and sarcopenia. This review synthesizes current evidence on UPF intake and frailty prevalence and severity in older adults while exploring its impact on sarcopenia-related outcomes, including muscle mass, strength and function.
Materials and methods
A systematic search of PubMed, MEDLINE (via Ovid), Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus was conducted until December 4, 2024, including studies on adults (≥ 18 years) that examined UPF intake and frailty or sarcopenia. The study is reported following PRISMA guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024615715).
Results
Among 43 included studies, high UPF consumption was consistently associated with increased frailty risk, multimorbidity, systemic inflammation and sarcopenia. A dose-dependent relationship was evident, with higher UPF intake linked to reduced grip strength, slower gait speed, elevated inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, TNF-α) and lower muscle mass indices (MMI, AMMI). Mechanisms include chronic inflammation, metabolic dysregulation and muscle deterioration. UPFs also contribute to cardiometabolic disease and obesity, reinforcing frailty as a cumulative outcome of prolonged exposure. Some studies reported inconsistencies, particularly regarding obesity and physical activity as potential confounders.
Conclusion
UPFs are a modifiable determinant of frailty, influencing inflammation, sarcopenia and metabolism. Reducing UPF intake may represent a viable strategy for frailty prevention and improved health outcomes.
Resumen vía Europe PMC. Los derechos de autor siguen siendo de los autores o la editorial.
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