Comparing Acute Effects of Caffeine Delivery Forms on Cross-Training Performance: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial
Vargas-Molina S, Bonilla DA, García-Sillero M, Iglesias-Placed S, Murri M, Martín-Rivera F, Benítez-Porres J
Nutrients · 1 cita
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- Ensayo controlado aleatorizado (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
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- Financiación
- Financiación independiente
- Autores
- Al menos un autor declara un vínculo económico con la industria
Según la declaración de financiación del texto completo.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2026-02-17 · Nutrients · vol. 18 · número 4 · pág. 657
- Editorial
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
- Citado
- 3 citas · más que el 98% de estudios similares · 12.0× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 38 trabajos
- Acceso
- Acceso abierto (revista) · CC-BY
- Áreas de investigación
- Coffee research and impacts · Sports Performance and Training · Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Palabras clave
- caffeine, CrossFit, countermovement jump, rating of perceived exertion, heart rate, internal load
- MeSH
- humans, caffeine, mouthwashes, cross-over studies, heart rate, chewing gum, adult, male, athletic performance, physical exertion
7 autores
- Salvador Vargas-Molina🇪🇸Universidad de Málaga
- Diego A. Bonilla🇪🇸University of the Basque Country
- Manuel García-Sillero🇪🇸Universidad de Málaga
- Sergio Iglesias-Placed
- Mora Murri🇪🇸Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition; Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology; Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga
- Fernando Martin-Rivera🇪🇸Universitat de València
- Javier Benítez‐Porres🇪🇸 · autor de correspondenciaInstituto de Salud Carlos III; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition; Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga; Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga; Universidad de Málaga
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the different forms of caffeine (CAF) administration in CrossFit® participants. The countermovement jump (CMJ), the rate of perceived exertion (RPE), the total number of repetitions, and the maximum (HRmax) and mean heart rate (HRmean) were evaluated. Methods: Fourteen males with more than six months of continuous CrossFit® training (30.9 [5.62] years, 179 [1.33] cm, 78 [5.75] kg, 24.3 [1.33] kg·m-2) participated in this randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Participants were randomized in a repeated measures design using caffeine capsule (CC), caffeine chewing gum (CCG), and caffeine mouth rinse (CMR) protocols, along with a placebo group (PG). Participants were unaware of whether any of the delivery methods contained caffeine. A 7-day washout period before each crossover was used. To ensure ecological validity, we replicated the real-world practice of CAF ingestion 30 min prior to training, mirroring typical athlete pre-workout routines. The participants of CrossFit® performed the 'Cindy' protocol, and the CMJ as a primary outcome was measured pre- and post-intervention, while the RPE, HR, and the number of repetitions were tracked at the end of the workout for comparisons. Results: No significant differences were found between CAF forms in internal load measures (RPE, HRmax, HRmean) or the number of repetitions. While no changes were observed with other CAF forms, CMR significantly improved the CMJ performance compared to the baseline (Δ: +3.5; Cohen's dunb: 0.51], which exceeded the estimated SWC by approximately three-fold. However, the inferential analysis revealed no significant main effects of the caffeine administration method on any measured outcomes. Conclusions: While CAF delivery forms did not improve internal load measures or performance parameters, such as the RPE, HR, or the total number of repetitions, the caffeine mouth rinse (CMR) showed a potentially meaningful improvement in CMJ performance after CrossFit® training in participants with a certain level of experience.
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