Oral magnesium supplementation improves glycemic control in older Chinese adults with pre-diabetes and hypomagnesemia: a randomized controlled trial
Yang J, Zhang H, Li Y, Wu W, Pan M, Wang J, Li G, Wu Y, Guo C, Yang L, Ding J, Ding G
Frontiers in nutrition · 2 citas
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Ensayo clínico controlado (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación independiente
Según la declaración de financiación del texto completo.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2026-02-11 · Front Nutr · vol. 13 · pág. 1765308
- Editorial
- Frontiers Media
- Citado
- 1 cita · más que el 90% de estudios similares · 4.3× el promedio de su campo
- Referencias
- 30 trabajos
- Acceso
- Acceso abierto (revista) · CC-BY
- Áreas de investigación
- Magnesium in Health and Disease · Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments · Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Palabras clave
- Randomized controlled trial, Glycemic, Diabetes mellitus, Magnesium, Clinical trial
12 autores
- Jingxin Yang🇨🇳Chinese Center For Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute for Nutrition and Health
- Huidi Zhang🇨🇳Chinese Center For Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute for Nutrition and Health
- Yuting Li🇨🇳Chinese Center For Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute for Nutrition and Health
- Wenxuan Wu🇨🇳Chinese Center For Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute for Nutrition and Health
- Min Pan🇨🇳Capital Medical University
- Jingjing Wang🇨🇳Tianjin Third Central Hospital; Tianjin Medical University
- Guoxun Li🇨🇳Tianjin Third Central Hospital; Tianjin Medical University
- Ying Wu🇨🇳Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Chunlei Guo🇨🇳Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
- Lichen Yang🇨🇳 · autor de correspondenciaChinese Center For Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute for Nutrition and Health
- Jing Ding🇨🇳 · autor de correspondenciaCapital Medical University
- Gangqiang Ding🇨🇳 · autor de correspondenciaChinese Center For Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute for Nutrition and Health
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Purpose
Pre-diabetes significantly increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Magnesium deficiency is common and may contribute to dysglycemia. However, evidence for the efficacy of magnesium supplementation in pre-diabetes, especially in older adults with hypomagnesemia, remains limited and inconclusive. This exploratory trial aimed to evaluate the effects of oral magnesium supplementation on glycemic parameters and conducted exploratory metabolomic profiling in this population.
Methods
In this 4-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 71 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 68.7 ± 6.0 years) with pre-diabetes (fasting plasma glucose ≥5.6 mmol/L and/or HbA1c 5.7%-6.5%) and hypomagnesemia (plasma magnesium ≤ 0.80 mmol/L) were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either magnesium oxide (360 mg elemental Mg/day) or an identical placebo once daily. The primary outcome was the change in fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Secondary outcomes included changes in insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, glycated albumin, and inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, IL-6). Exploratory non-targeted metabolomic profiling was performed. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA adjusted for baseline values, following the intention-to-treat principle.
Results
Sixty-five participants completed the trial. At baseline, the magnesium group had significantly higher insulin and HOMA-IR levels (both p p p = 0.003). The reduction in HOMA-IR favored the magnesium group but was not statistically significant after adjustment (p = 0.296). No significant between-group differences were observed for HbA1c, insulin, C-peptide, glycated albumin, or inflammatory markers. Exploratory metabolomics revealed alterations in putatively identified metabolites, with pathway analysis suggesting involvement of lipid and insulin resistance-related pathways; these findings are considered hypothesis-generating.
Conclusion
In older adults with pre-diabetes and hypomagnesemia, magnesium supplementation effectively corrected magnesium deficiency and reduced FPG, but did not improve other glycemic indices including HbA1c or insulin resistance. The clinical significance of the isolated FPG reduction remains uncertain. The metabolomic findings require validation. Larger, longer-term trials are needed to determine if magnesium supplementation can prevent diabetes in this population.
Clinical trial registration
www.chictr.org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR2100047666.
Resumen vía Europe PMC. Los derechos de autor siguen siendo de los autores o la editorial (CC BY).
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