TikTok and Instagram as Putative Social Media in Promoting Healthy Eating Habits in Youths At-Risk for Eating/Feeding Disorders and Body Image Dissatisfaction

Background: The widespread use of Social Networks (SNS), particularly among youths, could promote Feeding and Eating Disorders (FEDs), but could also be a tool for implementing FED prevention strategies. This study aimed to identify which SNS could be most effective for implementing primary and secondary FED prevention. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted via an Italian population-based survey, distributed using a snowball sampling strategy. The survey included 283 participants aged 18-35 by using the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), the SCOFF screening tool for FEDs, items from the Body Uneasiness Test (BUT), and the Mukbang Addiction Scale (MAS). Results: The sample was predominantly female (69.3%). Participants screening positive on the SCOFF were more frequently TikTok users. Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that TikTok use was associated with SCOFF positivity (OR = 1.9) and body image concerns (e.g., spending a lot of time in front of the mirror; OR = 1.9). Instagram use was associated with body image dissatisfaction (OR = 3.9). In the overall sample, the likelihood of screening positive on the SCOFF was associated with TikTok use (OR = 1.7), higher BSMAS scores (OR = 1.1), exposure to body positivity/neutrality content (OR = 1.9), and watching Mukbang videos (OR = 1.8). Conclusions: TikTok and, to a lesser extent, Instagram appear to be widely used by young individuals vulnerable to FEDs and body image dissatisfaction. These platforms may therefore represent strategic channels for delivering educational and preventive interventions targeting eating behaviors and body image among young people. Further longitudinal research is needed to clarify causal relationships and evaluate the effectiveness of SNS-based prevention strategies.