Financiado en parte por Hershey's, Almond Board of California, Hershey Co
Associations of almond, dark chocolate, and cocoa consumption with stool microbial diversity and composition among adults with overweight or obesity: An analysis of secondary outcomes from a 4-period crossover clinical trial
Riley TM, Nagpal R, Dawson MA, Hughes D, Lee Y, Kris-Etherton PM, Berryman CE
Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 1 cita
Etiquetas de revisión
Alimentación controladaFinanciado por la industriaSolo mecanismosDatos neutrales que nuestra revisión registró sobre cómo se hizo este estudio. Describen el método, nunca si nos gusta el resultado.
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Ensayo controlado aleatorizado (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Solo mecanismos
- Consumo medido con
- Comida provista por los investigadores
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiado por la industria
- Empresa
- Hershey's
- Grupo de la industria
- Almond Board of California
- Empresa
- Hershey Co
Según 3 financiadores declarados.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2026-06-19 · Clin Nutr ESPEN · vol. 75 · pág. 103414
- Editorial
- Elsevier BV
- Citado
- 3 citas · más que el 96% de estudios similares · 5.6× el promedio de su campo
- Impacto
- Entre el 10 % más citado de su campo
- Referencias
- 61 trabajos
- Acceso
- De pago
- Áreas de investigación
- Gut microbiota and health · Nuts composition and effects · Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Palabras clave
- almond consumption, dark chocolate, Theobroma cacao, gut microbiota, overweight, obesity, dietary intervention, Streptococcaceae, Lactococcus, Desulfovibrionaceae, Bilophila, flavan-3-ols, phytosterols, dietary fiber, cardiometabolic risk, community dissimilarity
- MeSH
- feces, humans, cacao, obesity, diet, cross-over studies, adult, middle aged, female, male, overweight, gastrointestinal microbiome, prunus dulcis, chocolate
7 autores
- Terrence M Riley🇺🇸Pennington Biomedical Research Center; Louisiana State University
- Ravinder Nagpal🇺🇸Florida State University
- M. Alan Dawson🇺🇸U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine
- David Hughes🇺🇸Pennington Biomedical Research Center; Louisiana State University
- Yujin Lee🇰🇷Myongji University
- Penny M. Kris‐Etherton🇺🇸Pennsylvania State University
- Claire E. Berryman🇺🇸Pennington Biomedical Research Center; Louisiana State University
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background and aim
Almonds (rich in unsaturated fats, fiber, and phytosterols) and dark chocolate and cocoa (containing flavanols) can improve cardiometabolic risk markers, but their individual and combined effects on gut microbial composition are not well understood. This study examined the effects of consuming almonds, dark chocolate and cocoa, or their combination on the stool microbiota.
Methods
An analysis of secondary outcomes was conducted using stool samples from a published 4-period (4-weeks/period) controlled-feeding crossover trial in adults with overweight or obesity. Forty eight participants were randomized, 31 completed the trial, and 21 provided stool samples (samples = 87, 10F/11M; age 44.3 ± 9.2 years; BMI 29.3 ± 2.8 kg/m2). Participants consumed an average American diet (AAD) or a similar diet containing the following test foods: 42.5 g of raw almonds (ALD, 253 kcal/d), 43 g of dark chocolate and 18 g of cocoa (CHOC, 251 kcal/d), or both (CHOC + ALD, 504 kcal/d). Test foods replaced an isocaloric amount of butter, cheese, and crackers in the AAD. Microbial community richness and evenness was assessed by the number of observed taxa, Chao1 index, and Pielou's evenness. Community dissimilarity was determined by Bray-Curtis index and tested with permutational analysis of variance. Differential bacterial abundance was tested with linear mixed models after centered log(2) ratio transformation.
Results
Dissimilar stool microbial communities were observed with ALD compared to pre-study (p = 0.021), AAD (p = 0.036), and CHOC (p = 0.025). Abundance of Streptococcaceae Lactococcus was lower after CHOC (log-fold difference: -3.7 [95% CI: -6.69, -0.71]), ALD (-4.22 [-7.33, -1.11]), and CHOC + ALD (-5.03 [-7.98, -2.08]) compared to AAD. Abundance of Desulfovibrionaceae Bilophila was higher after CHOC vs. AAD (2.41 [0.75, 4.07]) and CHOC vs. CHOC + ALD (1.72 [0.14, 3.29]). No other differences in stool microbial community diversity or composition were observed.
Conclusion
Replacing butter, cheese, and crackers with almonds and/or dark chocolate and cocoa has modest effects on between sample stool microbial community diversity and composition among adults with overweight or obesity.
Resumen vía Europe PMC. Los derechos de autor siguen siendo de los autores o la editorial.
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