The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Modulating Inflammation and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of In Vitro, Animal, and Human Studies
Ashraf R, Buchanan CDC, Monk JM, Robinson LE, Ma DWL
Current oncology reports · 0 citas
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Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Revisión sistemática (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas, más trabajo en animales o laboratorio
- Resultado principal
- Solo mecanismos
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación independiente
- Gobierno
- South Dakota Governor's Office of Economic Development
- Gobierno
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Gobierno
- CIHR
- Subvenciones
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (178260_1); Canadian Institutes of Health Research (178260)
Según 3 financiadores declarados y la declaración de financiación del texto completo.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 2025-05-01 · Curr Oncol Rep · vol. 28 · número 1 · pág. 106367
- Editorial
- Springer Science+Business Media
- Citado
- 0 citas · más que el 5% de estudios similares · 0.0× el promedio de su campo
- Referencias
- 0 trabajos
- Acceso
- Acceso abierto (revista híbrida) · CC-BY
- Áreas de investigación
- Fatty Acid Research and Health · Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects · Immune cells in cancer
- Palabras clave
- omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, breast cancer, inflammation, tumor microenvironment, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, anti-inflammatory activity, immunomodulation, cytokines, interleukin-6, NF-κB, matrix metalloproteinases, cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2, tumor-infiltrating immune cells
- MeSH
- animals, humans, breast neoplasms, inflammation, fatty acids, omega-3, docosahexaenoic acids, anti-inflammatory agents, female, tumor microenvironment
5 autores
- Rahbika Ashraf🇨🇦University of Guelph
- Connor DC Buchanan🇨🇦University of Guelph
- Jennifer M. Monk🇨🇦University of Guelph
- Lindsay E. Robinson🇨🇦University of Guelph
- David W.L.🇨🇦 · autor de correspondenciaUniversity of Guelph
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Purpose of review
Inflammation is a hallmark of breast cancer (BC), influencing the tumor microenvironment (TME), immune evasion and tumor growth. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, potentially mediated through anti-inflammatory and immune pathways. Evidence is varied by study design, dosage, and formulations, making it difficult to identify consistent mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Therefore, this systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of the biological and mechanistic effects of n-3 PUFA on inflammation in BC.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, and the GOED (Global Organization for EPA and DHA) Clinical Study Database to identify preclinical and clinical studies investigating the effects of n-3 PUFA on inflammation and immune function in BC. Eligible studies were selected using predefined inclusion criteria (PROSPERO CRD42024499082) and assessed for risk of bias using Cochrane Handbook guidance. Primary outcomes included changes in cytokines, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and inflammatory signaling pathways.
Results
Of the 860 articles screened, 67 met the inclusion criteria. Across study types, n-3 PUFA demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and anti-tumoral effects. Clinical studies showed IL-6 levels decreased by 50-70% with n-3 PUFA treatment. Preclinical studies reported significant reductions in proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, CCL2/MCP-1), alongside increases in non-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-2) and a 57-90% reduction in lipid mediators (PGE2) and associated enzymes (COX-2) with n-3 PUFA treatment. In vitro findings showed large decreases (-40-80%) in NF-κB and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2, -9) activity with n-3 PUFA treatment. Variability in n-3 PUFA dose, form, and outcomes was noted across studies.
Conclusions
n-3 PUFA exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in BC, highlighting their potential as adjuvant therapies to modulate the TME. Standardized research methodologies and clinical trials are needed to clarify dose-response relationships and therapeutic applications.
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