Does supplementation of diet with 'fish oil' reduce blood pressure? A meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials
Appel LJ, Miller ER, Seidler AJ, Whelton PK
Archives of internal medicine · 265 citas
Cómo se estudió
- Diseño
- Metaanálisis (indexado por PubMed)
- Estudiado en
- Personas
- Resultado principal
- Marcadores de salud y funcionamiento
Quién lo pagó
- Financiación
- Financiación independiente
- Gobierno
- NCRR NIH HHS
- Gobierno
- NHLBI NIH HHS
Según 2 financiadores declarados.
Publicación
- Publicado
- 1993-06-28 · Arch Intern Med · vol. 153 · número 12 · págs. 1429–38
- Editorial
- National Institutes of Health
- Citado
- 137 citas · más que el 44% de estudios similares · 0.6× el promedio de su campo
- Referencias
- 56 trabajos
- Acceso
- De pago
- Áreas de investigación
- Fatty Acid Research and Health · Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies · Sodium Intake and Health
- Palabras clave
- omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, fish oil supplementation, blood pressure reduction, hypertension, antihypertensive therapy, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, adverse effects, dose-response relationship
- MeSH
- humans, hypertension, fish oils, blood pressure, mathematics, adult, aged, middle aged, female, male, randomized controlled trials as topic
4 autores
- Lawrence J. Appel🇺🇸Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Medicine
- E R Miller🇺🇸Medical University of South Carolina
- Alexander J. Seidler🇺🇸Johns Hopkins University
- Paul Kieran Whelton🇺🇸Johns Hopkins University
Resumen
El texto original del estudio, en el idioma en que se publicó.
Background
Several lines of evidence suggest that supplementation of diet with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFA), commonly referred to as fish oils, may reduce blood pressure (BP). However, most clinical trials of omega-3 PUFA supplementation have been of insufficient size to detect relevant BP changes.
Methods
We conducted a meta-analysis of 17 controlled clinical trials of omega-3 PUFA supplementation. To estimate an overall effect of omega-3 PUFA supplementation on BP, we calculated the net BP change in each trial (BP delta in omega-3 PUFA group minus BP delta in control group), which was then weighted according to the inverse of the variance.
Results
In the 11 trials that enrolled normotensive individuals (n = 728), omega-3 PUFA supplementation led to significant reductions of systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) in two and one trials, respectively. In the six studies that enrolled untreated hypertensives (n = 291), significant reductions of SBP and DBP were present in two and four trials, respectively. Weighted, pooled estimates of SBP and DBP change (mm Hg) with 95% confidence intervals were -1.0 (-2.0 to 0.0) and -0.5 (-1.2 to +0.2) in the trials of normotensives, and -5.5 (-8.1 to -2.9) and -3.5 (-5.0 to -2.1) in the trials of untreated hypertensives. In 13 of 17 studies, trial duration was less than 3 months. Doses of omega-3 PUFA tended to be high (average dose > 3 g/d in 11 trials). The magnitude of BP reduction was greatest at high BP but was not significantly associated with dose of omega-3 PUFA. Side effects, most commonly eructation and a fishy taste, occurred more frequently in omega-3 PUFA participants than in control participants (28% vs 13%, P < .001).
Conclusions
Our analyses indicate that diet supplementation with a relatively high dose of omega-3 PUFA, generally more than 3 g/d, can lead to clinically relevant BP reductions in individuals with untreated hypertension. However, use of omega-3 PUFA as antihypertensive therapy will require demonstration of long-term efficacy and patient acceptability of lower doses.
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